Do you know everything about the dazzling array of household tableware?

Household tableware plays a very important role in our lives. Whether in the kitchen or at the dinner table, we have to eat three meals a day every day, and all kinds of tableware are used. To our health. Do you have any specific knowledge about meals? Xiaogu now gives you a detailed introduction to household tableware in terms of the classification of tableware, hoping to help you understand some knowledge about tableware. Come and find out!

1. What is tableware

Tableware refers to non-edible tools that directly contact food during meals, and utensils and utensils used to assist food distribution or ingestion. At present, there are also many disposable tableware on the market, which are not good for the environment; there are also some tableware made of biodegradable materials.

2. Material classification of tableware

1. Ceramic tableware

Ceramic tableware, the traditional concept of ceramics refers to all artificial industrial products using clay and other inorganic non-metallic minerals as raw materials. It includes various products made from clay or a mixture containing clay through kneading, shaping and calcining. From the roughest earthenware to the finest fine pottery and porcelain belong to its scope. The main raw material for it is silicate minerals (such as clay, feldspar, quartz, etc.) derived from nature, so it belongs to the category of "silicate industry" with industries such as glass, cement, enamel, and refractories. The firing and application of ceramic tableware has a long history in our country. Its diverse shapes, colorful colors, cool and smooth feel, easy to wash, are deeply loved by the Chinese people. There are three methods for making ceramic tableware: over-glaze, under-glaze, and in-glaze. On-glaze colored ceramics are made of decorative paper made of pigments and attached to the surface of the glaze or painted directly on the surface of the product, and then baked at a low temperature. Because the baking temperature does not reach the level of melting of the glaze, the flower surface cannot be sunk. Into the glaze. Touch the on-glaze ceramics with your hands, and you can feel that the flower surface has obvious unevenness; the firing temperature of the in-glaze ceramics can melt the glaze, and the pigments can sink into the glaze. After cooling, they will be covered by the glaze layer. There is no obvious bumpy touch to the touch; all the underglaze ceramics are decorated on the porcelain blank, and the glaze is fired at a high temperature once, and the flower surface is covered by the glaze layer, which looks bright and smooth, and feels smooth.

2. Glass tableware

The disadvantage of glass tableware is that it is fragile. If used improperly, it is easy to cause explosion; glass tableware is clean and hygienic and does not contain toxic substances, but glass tableware sometimes "mould" because the glass is corroded by water for a long time, and the silicic acid in the glass Sodium reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to form white carbonic acid crystals, which are harmful to human health, so it can be removed with alkaline detergents when used.

3. Enamel tableware

Enamel products have good mechanical strength, strong, not easy to break, and have good heat resistance, can withstand a wide range of temperature changes. The texture is smooth, compact and not easy to be contaminated with dust, clean and durable. The disadvantage of enamel products is that they tend to crack and break after being impacted by external forces. The outer layer of the enamel product is actually a layer of enamel, which contains substances such as aluminum silicate. If it is damaged, it will be transferred to the food. Therefore, when choosing enamel tableware, it is required that the surface is smooth and flat, the enamel is uniform, the color is bright, and there is no transparent foundation and embryo phenomenon.

4. Wooden tableware

Various utensils and utensils used to distribute or ingest food. Including a complete set of bowls, chopsticks, knives, forks, plates, plates, trays, wooden shovel, wooden spoons, wooden scoops, rice steaming, as well as a variety of containers and hand-held utensils for different purposes. Chopsticks are the most common for daily bamboo and wood tableware, which can be divided into bamboo tableware and wooden tableware according to the raw materials. The biggest advantage of bamboo and wood tableware is that it is environmentally friendly and green, it is convenient to obtain materials and does not have the toxic effects of chemical substances. The bamboo and wood tableware are all made of bamboo or solid wood. They are exquisite and unique. They are not only practical, but also have artistic embellishment value. They are both practical and artistic decoration effects when placed at home. But their weakness is that they are easier to stain and mold than other tableware. If you do not pay attention to disinfection, it is easy to cause intestinal infectious diseases.

5. Copper tableware

Many people use copper tableware, copper pots, copper spoons, copper hot pots, etc. On the surface of copper tableware, you can often see some blue-green powder, people call it patina. It is an oxide of copper and is non-toxic. But for the sake of cleaning, it is best to polish the surface of the copper tableware with sandpaper before loading food.

6. Iron tableware

Generally speaking, iron tableware is non-toxic. But ironware is easy to rust, and rust can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, upset, poor appetite and other diseases. In addition, it is not advisable to use iron containers to hold edible oil, because the oil is easily oxidized and deteriorated when stored in iron for too long. At the same time, it is best not to use iron containers to cook foods and beverages rich in tannins, such as juice, brown sugar products, tea, coffee, etc.

7. Aluminum tableware

Aluminum tableware is non-toxic, lightweight and durable, but if aluminum accumulates in the human body too much, it will accelerate aging and have a negative impact on human memory. Use aluminum tableware to avoid contact with acidic and alkaline substances. Aluminum pots are not suitable for long-term storage of meals and long-term holding of salty foods, and aluminum shovel is not suitable for scraping pot walls. Do not use it with iron tableware. Because aluminum and iron are two metals with different chemical activities, when water is present, aluminum and iron can form a chemical battery. As a result, more aluminum ions will enter the food. Bring greater harm to human health.

8. Alloy tableware

Alloy tableware mainly refers to tableware produced using PPS and SPS materials. PPS has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, flame retardancy, balanced physical and mechanical properties, excellent dimensional stability and excellent electrical properties. Alloy tableware on the market is mainly alloy chopsticks. Compared with chopsticks made of other materials, alloy chopsticks have the advantages of non-deformation at high temperature, easy to clean, not easy to mold, not easy to adsorb microorganisms such as E. coli, durable and corrosion resistant. Alloy chopsticks are safe and sanitary, and will not produce harmful substances to the human body under high temperature. Because PPS and SPS are imported materials, their prices are slightly higher. In China, most of them are gifts and high-end hotels using alloy chopsticks made of this imported material.

9. Stainless steel cutlery

Stainless steel is made of iron-chromium alloy mixed with other trace elements. Because of its good metal properties and corrosion resistance than other metals, the made utensils are beautiful and durable. Therefore, more and more are used to make tableware, and gradually enter the majority of families. When using it, you should be careful not to store salt, soy sauce, vinegar, etc. for a long time, because the electrolyte in these foods will react with stainless steel for a long time to dissolve harmful substances.

10. Titanium tableware

Using the characteristics of smart metal titanium combined with a special physical and chemical surface coloring process, it has a unique luster of gold and titanium tableware, and the texture is comparable to silver tableware. Titanium tableware is the trend of using materials for tableware in the future. Because of its light weight, light weight, non-toxic and odorless, no radiation, no rust, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, good toughness, and good biological affinity, etc. Titanium tableware is both practical and collectible. It is a good gift for your relatives and friends and home use. It has long been highly favored by people from all walks of life.

11. Melamine tableware

Melamine tableware, also known as melamine tableware, is formed by heating and pressing melamine resin powder. Melamine tableware is used in the catering industry and children's catering industry for its light weight, beautiful appearance, low temperature resistance, and non-breakability. Melamine tableware belongs to high molecular polymer, the English abbreviation is MF, and its monomers are formaldehyde and melamine. A 37% aqueous solution of formaldehyde is used for the reaction, and the molar ratio of the two monomers of formaldehyde and melamine is 2~3. Studies have shown that as the amount of formaldehyde increases, the amount of formaldehyde bound increases, and the reaction is easy to proceed; changing the amount of formaldehyde can prepare melamine resins obtained from different methylol melamines. When the pH of the reaction system is 8.5, side reactions Less, the reaction is easy to control; the temperature is high, the reaction speed is fast, and it has little effect on the amount of formaldehyde in the range of 54~80℃.

12. Plastic tableware

Commonly used plastic tableware is basically made of polyethylene and polypropylene as raw materials. This is a non-toxic plastic approved by the health authorities of most countries. Sugar boxes, tea trays, rice bowls, cold water bottles, and baby bottles on the market are all of this type of plastic. However, polyvinyl chloride, which has a molecular structure similar to polyethylene, is a dangerous molecule. A rare liver hemangioma has been found almost related to people who are often exposed to polyvinyl chloride. Therefore, when using plastic products, we must pay attention to what the raw materials are? When there is no product manual at hand, the following methods can be used to identify: any plastic product that feels smooth to the touch, flammable in fire, and has a yellow flame and a paraffin smell when burned is non-toxic polyethylene or polypropylene. Any plastic that feels sticky to the touch, difficult to burn in case of fire, green flame when burning, and smells like a choking nose is polyvinyl chloride and cannot be used as a food container. Do not choose brightly colored plastic tableware. According to inspections, the release of heavy metal elements such as lead and cadmium in the color patterns of some plastic tableware exceeds the standard. Therefore, try to choose one that has no decorative patterns and is colorless and tasteless.

There are many types of tableware, each with its advantages and disadvantages. It is generally believed that aluminum pots should be used as little as possible, stainless steel pots should be used for cooking, iron or copper pots should be used for cooking, and casserole pots should be used for soup and stew.